Ifu ya diyama yinganda ifite ibiranga ubushyuhe bwinshi bwumuriro, ituze ryimiti myinshi, itwara neza amashanyarazi, ibintu byiza bifatika (imbaraga zo gukomeretsa cyane, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwiza, kurwanya ruswa ikomeye, umuvuduko muke wo kwaguka) nibindi.
Gukomera cyane, kwambara neza, birashobora gukoreshwa cyane mugukata, gusya, gucukura.
Ifu yangiza ya diyama ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe bwiza bwamashanyarazi, irashobora gukoreshwa nkicyuma gishyuha kubikoresho bya semiconductor, ikagira urumuri rwiza kandi ikarwanya ruswa, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki.
1. Amakuru yumutungo wumubiri
Imiterere: Ifu
Ubucucike: (g / mL kuri 25 ° C) ： 3.5
2. Amakuru yimiterere ya molekulari
Ibigize imiti ya diyama ni C, na grafite ni kimwe na karubone homogenous polymorphic variant. Mubigize imiti yubumara, burigihe burimo Si, Mg, Al, Ca, Mn, Ni nibindi bintu, kandi akenshi birimo Na, B, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, N nibindi byanduye, hamwe na karubone .
Imiterere ya kirisiti yamabuye ya diyama ni iyuburyo bwa tetrahedral ya sisitemu ya isoaxial sisitemu. Atome ya karubone iherereye mu mfuruka no hagati ya tetrahedron, ifite uburinganire buhanitse. Atome ya karubone muri selile yibice ihujwe na homopolar bonds intera ya 154pm. Imiterere isanzwe ya kristu ni octahedron, rhomboid dodecahedron, cube, tetrahedron na hexahedron, nibindi.
3. Ibyiza no Guhagarara
.Diamond ya firime ya kirisitu ni ubwoko bwa synthèse artificiel yibintu bishya bikora, igizwe na diyama ya kirisiti ya kirisiti, ubukana bwinshi, umuvuduko muke, ubushyuhe bwinshi (inshuro 5) kumuringa, coefficente yo kwaguka kwinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro, kwangirika neza Kurwanya, imbaraga nziza zo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, umurongo mugari, itumanaho ryinshi hamwe na elegitoronike yo hejuru yerekana imikorere ikora. Ibicuruzwa ntabwo ari uburozi.
.Ibara rya diyama biterwa nurwego rwubuziranenge, ubwoko nibirimo ibintu byanduye birimo. Diyama isukuye cyane ntigira ibara, mubisanzwe yerekana impamyabumenyi zitandukanye z'umuhondo, umukara, imvi, icyatsi, icyatsi, ubururu, amata yera numuhengeri, nibindi bisobanutse cyangwa bidasobanutse bifite umwanda; Munsi ya cathode ray, X ray na ultraviolet ray, izasohora icyatsi kibisi, ikirere cyubururu, umutuku, umuhondo-icyatsi nandi mabara ya fluorescence; Ku zuba nyuma yo guhura nicyumba cyijimye umusatsi wijimye fosifore yubururu; Amashanyarazi ya Adamantine, amavuta make cyangwa icyuma gike, hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo kwanga, muri rusange 2.40-2.48.
.Imiti ya Diyama ihagaze neza, hamwe na aside irwanya alkali, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ntibushobora gukorana na HF, HCl, HNO3, gusa mumubiri ushongeshejwe wa Na2CO3, NaNO3, KNO3, cyangwa utetse hamwe nuruvange rwa K2Cr2O7 na H2SO4, hejuru bizaba byoroheje; Ruswa muri O, CO, CO2, H, Cl, H2O, CH4 gaze yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Porogaramu
.Diyama ya myitozo ya geologiya hamwe na peteroli ya peteroli, diyama yo gushushanya ipfa, diyama yo gukuramo, diyama yo kwambara, diyama yo gukata ibirahure, diyama yo gukomera kwa indenter, diyama kubukorikori n'ubukorikori.
.Diamond ikoreshwa mugukora firime ya diyama kumyuma, plastike, ikirahure nibindi bikoresho. Nka semiconductor hamwe na semiconductor ibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwokwirinda, amashanyarazi.
.Gutunganya ibirahuri, PCD / PCBN, ibikoresho by'amenyo nibikoresho byoza amabuye
.Gukora ibikoresho bidafite amabara nka tungsten karbide, ikirahure nubwoko butandukanye bwubutaka
Gutunganya amabuye, inganda zubaka, zo kubona, gusya no gucukura amabuye, asfalt na beto ...
